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MINUS SQL Server operator
The MINUS SQL operator is used to return all lines in the first SELECT operator, which are not returned by the second SELECT operator. Each SELECT operator will define the data set. The MINUS operator will extract all records from the first dataset and then delete all records from the second dataset from the results.
MINUS query
The MINUS query will return records in the blue shaded area. These are records that exist in SELECT_1, not in SELECT_2.
Each SELECT operator in a MINUS query must have the same number of fields in the result set with the same data types.
Syntax for MINUS operator in SQL
SELECT expr1, expr2, … expr_n
FROM tabs
[WHERE conds]
MINUS
SELECT expr1, expr2, … expr_n
FROM tabs
[WHERE conds];
where:
- expr1,2,_n – Columns or calculations that you want to get
- tabs – The tables from which you want the records. The FROM sentence must contain at least one table
- WHERE conds – It’s optional. These are the conditions that must be met to select records
Note:
Both SELECT operators must have the same number of expressions.
The corresponding expressions must have the same data type in the SELECT query. For example: expr1 must have the same data type in both the first and second SELECT statements.
Example – with one expression
Below is an example of SQL operator MINUS, which has one field with the same data type.
SELECT suppl_id
FROM suppls
MINUS
SELECT suppl_id
FROM orders;
This SQL example MINUS returns all suppl_id values that are in the suppliers table, not in the orders table. This means that if the suppl_id value existed in the suppliers table and also existed in the orders table, the suppl_id value would not appear in this result set.
Example is using the ORDER BY operator
Below is an example of a MINUS operator that uses the ORDER BY operator.
SELECTsuppl_id, suppl_name FROM supplsWHERE suppl_id > 2000MINUSSELECTcom_id, com_name FROM compsWHERE com_id > 1000ORDER BY 2;In this SQL example of the MINUS operator, since the column names in the two SELECT operators are different, it is more advantageous to refer to the columns in the ORDER BY sentence by their position in the result set. In this example, we sort the results by suppl_name / com_name in ascending order as ORDER BY 2.
The fields suppl_name / com_name are at position #2 in the result set.
Except (Minus) In SQL Server
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